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这篇文章中我们将通过对HelloWorld的message进行操作,介绍一下如何使用flask进行Restful的CRUD。
项目 | 说明 |
---|---|
官方网站 | https://www.palletsprojects.com/p/flask/ |
开源/闭源 | 开源 |
License类别 | BSD License |
代码管理地址 | https://github.com/pallets/flask |
开发语言 | Python |
支持平台 | 鉴于python的跨平台特性,可运行于等多种操作系统 |
当前版本 | 1.0.2 (2018/05/02) |
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ which flask
/usr/local/bin/flask
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ flask --version
Flask 1.0.2
Python 2.7.10 (default, Jul 15 2017, 17:16:57)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 9.0.0 (clang-900.0.31)]
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
就像angular的插值表达式在模版中的作用一样,在flask中也可以一样使用,如果不熟悉angular的插值表达式的话也不要紧,看完下面的例子,基本上就会有一个大致的印象。
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ cat flask_4.py
#!/usr/bin/python
from flask import Flask
from flask import render_template
app = Flask(__name__)
greeting_messages=["Hello World", "Hello Python"]
@app.route("/api/messages",methods=['GET'])
def get_messages():
return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.debug=True
app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=7000)
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ cat templates/resttest.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Hello Restful</title>
</head>
<body>
{% for message in messages %}
<h1>{{ message }}</h1>
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
代码解析:app.route中指定了HTTP谓词GET,缺省GET可以省略,如果一个方法对应多个谓词动作,通过request.method来分离时,可以写成methods=[‘GET’,’POST’]的形式
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ ./flask_4.py
* Serving Flask app "flask_4" (lazy loading)
* Environment: production
WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment.
Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Debug mode: on
* Running on http://0.0.0.0:7000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
* Restarting with stat
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: 131-533-062
页面确认
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ cat flask_4.py
#!/usr/bin/python
from flask import Flask
from flask import render_template
from flask import request
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
greeting_messages=["Hello World", "Hello Python"]
#HTTP: GET: Retrieve operation
@app.route("/api/messages",methods=['GET'])
def get_messages():
return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages)
#HTTP: DELETE: Delete operation
@app.route("/api/messages/<messageid>",methods=['DELETE'])
def delete_message(messageid):
global greeting_messages
del greeting_messages[int(messageid)]
return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages)
#HTTP: PUT: Update operation
#HTTP: POST: Create operation
@app.route("/api/messages/<messageid>",methods=['PUT','POST'])
def update_message(messageid):
global greeting_message
msg_info=json.loads(request.get_data(True,True,False))
#msg_info=request.args.get('message_info')
#msg_info=request.form.get('message_info','default value')
#msg_info=request.values.get('message_info','hello...')
greeting_messages.append("Hello " + msg_info["message_info"])
return render_template("resttest.html",messages=greeting_messages)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.debug=True
app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=7000)
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
执行日志
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ ./flask_4.py
* Serving Flask app "flask_4" (lazy loading)
* Environment: production
WARNING: Do not use the development server in a production environment.
Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Debug mode: on
* Running on http://0.0.0.0:7000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
* Restarting with stat
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: 131-533-062
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ curl -X DELETE http://localhost:7000/api/messages/1
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Hello Restful</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World</h1>
</body>
</html>liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
可以看到执行一次DELETE之后,两条消息现在只剩下一条消息了,接下来使用POST添加再添加一条
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ curl -X POST -d '{"message_info":"LiuMiaoPost"}' http://localhost:7000/api/messages/3
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Hello Restful</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World</h1>
<h1>Hello LiuMiaoPost</h1>
</body>
</html>liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
再执行一次PUT操作
liumiaocn:flask liumiao$ curl -X PUT -d '{"message_info":"LiuMiaoPut"}' http://localhost:7000/api/messages/4
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Hello Restful</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World</h1>
<h1>Hello LiuMiaoPost</h1>
<h1>Hello LiuMiaoPut</h1>
</body>
</html>liumiaocn:flask liumiao$
这篇文章中,使用最简单的方式在flask中模拟了一下如何进行Restful的CRUD操作,当然,实际的做法有很多种,在接下来的文章中还会介绍另外一种非常常见的轮子flask-restful.
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