JavaScript读取JSON文件

JSON 是 JS 对象的字符串表示法，它使用文本表示一个 JS 对象的信息，本质是一个字符串。有关于json的相关信息，可参考：json百度百科。

1、HTML文档

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Read Json File</title>

    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Faster+One" rel="stylesheet">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css">
</head>
<body>

<header>

</header>

<section>

</section>

<script src="js/readJSON.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

2、js文档：readJSON.js

    //获取<header>和</section>的引用
    let header = document.querySelector('header');
    let section = document.querySelector('section');

    //保存一个json文件访问的URL作为一个变量
    let requestURL = 'json/superheroes.json';
    //创建一个HTTP请求对象
    let request = new XMLHttpRequest();
    //使用open（）打开一个新请求
    request.open('GET', requestURL);
    //设置XHR访问JSON格式数据，然后发送请求
    // request.responseType = 'json';
    //设置XHR访问text格式数据
    request.responseType = 'text';
    request.send();

    //处理来自服务器的数据
    request.onload = function() {
        let superHeroesText = request.response;
        let superHeroes = JSON.parse(superHeroesText);
        // let superHeroes = request.response;
        populateHeader(superHeroes);
        showHeroes(superHeroes);
    };

    //对header进行定位
    function populateHeader(jsonObj) {
        let myH1 = document.createElement('h1');
        myH1.textContent = jsonObj['squadName'];
        header.appendChild(myH1);

        let myPara = document.createElement('p');
        myPara.textContent = 'Hometown: ' + jsonObj['hometown'] + ' //Formed: ' + jsonObj['formed'];
        header.appendChild(myPara);
    }

    function showHeroes(jsonObj) {
        //用heroers存储json文件里menbers的信息
        let heroes = jsonObj['members'];

        for (let i = 0; i < heroes.length; i++) {
            //创建一系列页面元素
            let myArticle = document.createElement('article');
            let myH2 = document.createElement('h2');
            let myPara1 = document.createElement('p');
            let myPara2 = document.createElement('p');
            let myPara3 = document.createElement('p');
            let myList = document.createElement('ul');

            myH2.textContent = heroes[i].name;
            myPara1.textContent = 'Secret identity: ' + heroes[i].secretIdentity;
            myPara2.textContent = 'Age: ' + heroes[i].age;
            myPara3.textContent = 'Superpowers:';

            let superPowers = heroes[i].powers;
            for(let j = 0; j < superPowers.length; j++) {
                let listItem = document.createElement('li');
                listItem.textContent = superPowers[j];
                myList.appendChild(listItem);
            }

            myArticle.appendChild(myH2);
            myArticle.appendChild(myPara1);
            myArticle.appendChild(myPara2);
            myArticle.appendChild(myPara3);
            myArticle.appendChild(myList);
            section.appendChild(myArticle);
        }
    }

3、CSS文档：readJSONStyle.css

html, body {
    margin: 0;
}

html {
    font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    height: 100%;
}

body {
    overflow: hidden;
    height: inherit;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    letter-spacing: -1px;
    position: absolute;
    margin: 0;
    top: -4px;
    right: 5px;

    color: transparent;
    text-shadow: 0 0 4px white;
}

4、json文件：heros.json

{
  "squadName" : "Super hero squad",
  "homeTown" : "Metro City",
  "formed" : 2016,
  "secretBase" : "Super tower",
  "active" : true,
  "members" : [
    {
      "name" : "Molecule Man",
      "age" : 29,
      "secretIdentity" : "Dan Jukes",
      "powers" : [
        "Radiation resistance",
        "Turning tiny",
        "Radiation blast"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name" : "Madame Uppercut",
      "age" : 39,
      "secretIdentity" : "Jane Wilson",
      "powers" : [
        "Million tonne punch",
        "Damage resistance",
        "Superhuman reflexes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name" : "Eternal Flame",
      "age" : 1000000,
      "secretIdentity" : "Unknown",
      "powers" : [
        "Immortality",
        "Heat Immunity",
        "Inferno",
        "Teleportation",
        "Interdimensional travel"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

实现效果：

版权声明：本文来源CSDN，感谢博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 by-sa 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37338983/article/details/79546774
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发表于 2021-06-13 12:28:55
阅读 ( 707 )
分类：前端

JavaScript读取JSON文件

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