简介

Rancher 的K3S默认安装的时候会安装traefik做为整个集群的默认Ingress.

kubernetes-dashboard的官方指导文档都是使用kube proxy的方法来访问，感觉不是很方便。于是就想通过ingress的方式来访问，中间遇到了一些问题，最终整理出来，以防大家也遇到我这样的问题。

环境需求

1. Rancher K3S  (我使用的是 v1.20.2+k3s1 ) ,默认安装traefik ingress

2. SSL证书 一份

实现步骤

1. 部署kubernetes-dashboard，yaml文件是从官方下载的,地址如下。但是我使用了自己的通配符ssl证书，所以对官方的yaml做了一些修改

         https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.1.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

修改后的yaml 如下

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

#apiVersion: v1
#kind: Secret
#metadata:
#  labels:
#    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
#  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
#  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
#type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.1.0
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
          #  - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            - --token-ttl=3600
            - --bind-address=0.0.0.0
            - --tls-cert-file=tls.crt
            - --tls-key-file=tls.key
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.6
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

2. 创建https秘钥，这里使用自己的证书文件，需要将证书重命名为 tls.crt 和tls.key

#tls.key 和tls.crt在命令运行的当前目录
kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=tls.crt --from-file=tls.key -n kubernetes-dashboard

3. 修改traefik的配置文件，如果是K3S默认安装，配置文件在kube-system空间中，名字为: traefik。

kubectl edit cm traefik -n kube-system

添加 insecureSkipVerify = true ，然后保存退出

......
apiVersion: v1
data:
  traefik.toml: |
    # traefik.toml
    insecureSkipVerify = true  #添加这一行
    logLevel = "info"
    defaultEntryPoints = ["http","https"]
........

4. 重启traefik容器，使配置生效

[root@ dashboard]# kubectl get po -n kube-system
NAME                                      READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
metrics-server-86cbb8457f-r29xv           1/1     Running     0          25h
coredns-854c77959c-gprb5                  1/1     Running     0          25h
local-path-provisioner-7c458769fb-4mgsf   1/1     Running     0          25h
helm-install-traefik-8dg69                0/1     Completed   0          24h
svclb-traefik-g8qnh                       2/2     Running     0          24h
svclb-traefik-v5x4x                       2/2     Running     0          24h
svclb-traefik-czdxf                       2/2     Running     0          24h
svclb-traefik-22kfk                       2/2     Running     0          24h
svclb-traefik-54r64                       2/2     Running     0          24h
svclb-traefik-jndkk                       2/2     Running     0          24h
traefik-6f9cbd9bd4-fbmr5                  1/1     Running     0          156m
[root@ dashboard]# kubectl delete po traefik-6f9cbd9bd4-fbmr5 -n kube-system

5. 创建ingress，将服务暴露出来

kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml

ingress.yaml文件内容

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: kube-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
spec:
  tls:
  - hosts:
    - dash.yourdomain.com #你的域名
    secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  rules:
  - host: dash.yourdomain.com #你的域名
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: kubernetes-dashboard
          servicePort: 443
        path: /

6. 创建dashbord的超级管理员账户

kubectl apply -f dashboard.admin-user.yaml 

dashboard.admin-user.yaml  文件内容如下

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

7. 获取token,然后登录dashboard.

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret admin-user-token | grep ^token