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在linux控制台输入accessdb指令，结果密密麻麻地输出了一大堆。
[root@status ~]# accessdb
$version$ -> "2.5.0"
. -> "- 1 1 1633086380 0 B - - gz bash built-in commands, see bash(1)"
.k5identity -> "- 5 5 1629954739 0 B - - gz Kerberos V5 client principal selection rules"
.k5login -> "- 5 5 1629954739 0 B - - gz Kerberos V5 acl file for host access"
.ldaprc -> "- 5 5 1628572339 0 C ldap.conf - gz "
/etc/anacrontab -> "- 5 5 1573231664 0 C anacrontab - gz "
30-systemd-environment-d-generator -> "- 8 8 1633446453 0 B - - gz Load variables specified by environment.d"
: -> "- 1 1 1633086380 0 B - - gz bash built-in commands, see bash(1)"
GnuPG~7 -> "- 7 7 1589573252 0 C gnupg2 - gz "
PAM~8 -> "- 8 8 1620364026 0 A - - gz Pluggable Authentication Modules for Linux"
RAND~7ssl -> "- 7ssl 7 1626866126 0 A - - gz the OpenSSL random generator"
RDMA-NDD~8 -> "- 8 8 1621264375 0 C rdma-ndd - gz "
SELinux~8 -> "- 8 8 1603743632 0 C selinux - gz "
TuneD~8 -> "- 8 8 1626892915 0 C tuned - gz "
查看accessdb的帮助，结果帮助内容只有一点点（一页）。大概的意思是说，这个指令以人类可读的格式转储man db数据库的内容。
[root@status ~]# man accessdb
ACCESSDB(8) Manual pager utils ACCESSDB(8)
NAME
accessdb - dumps the content of a man-db database in a human readable for‐
mat
SYNOPSIS
/usr/sbin/accessdb [-d?V] [<index-file>]
DESCRIPTION
accessdb will output the data contained within a man-db database in a
human readable form. By default, it will dump the data from
/var/cache/man/index.<db-type>, where <db-type> is dependent on the data‐
base library in use.
Supplying an argument to accessdb will override this default.
OPTIONS
-d, --debug
Print debugging information.
-?, --help
Print a help message and exit.
--usage
Print a short usage message and exit.
-V, --version
Display version information.
AUTHOR
Wilf. (G.Wilford@ee.surrey.ac.uk).
Fabrizio Polacco (fpolacco@debian.org).
Colin Watson (cjwatson@debian.org).
差不多就是系统中每个命令的简单说明。看来比较实用。但是描述的内容是用英文写的，对于母语非英文的我来说，读起来太慢。那么，我们就调用翻译的API，将其顺便翻译成中文来阅读吧。由于机器翻译不太准确，那么我们就来个中英文对照吧。
这里，我们使用有道翻译API。
首先，百度搜索“有道翻译API”，找到“http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi”，打开链接。
有账号的话，登录系统。没账号的话，申请一个再登录系统。
跳转到 https://ai.youdao.com/console/#/service-singleton/text-translation文本翻译。如果没有应用的话，创建一个应用。首次使用它，系统会送100元的时长，有效期1年。
右侧中部，各种代码编写的示例代码，这里我们选择C#，抄下来，修改这三个参数就可以用了。
appKey，appSecret ，来自于创建的应用。
string q = "待输入的文字";
string appKey = "您的应用ID";
string appSecret = "您的应用密钥"
代码我修改了一下，将其封装成一个类，可以供接下来调用。
public class YouDaoFanyiV3
{
public YouDaoFanyiResult Trans(string query)
{
Dictionary<String, String> dic = new Dictionary<String, String>();
string url = "https://openapi.youdao.com/api";
string appKey = "14b33f4513380000000";
string appSecret = "xfACgC1jAAUx9T9n00000000";
string salt = DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString();
//dic.Add("from", "源语言");
//dic.Add("to", "目标语言");
dic.Add("signType", "v3");
TimeSpan ts = (DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc));
long millis = (long)ts.TotalMilliseconds;
string curtime = Convert.ToString(millis / 1000);
dic.Add("curtime", curtime);
string signStr = appKey + Truncate(query) + salt + curtime + appSecret; ;
#pragma warning disable SYSLIB0021 // 类型或成员已过时
string sign = ComputeHash(signStr, new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider());
#pragma warning restore SYSLIB0021 // 类型或成员已过时
dic.Add("q", System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(query));
dic.Add("appKey", appKey);
dic.Add("salt", salt);
dic.Add("sign", sign);
//dic.Add("vocabId", "您的用户词表ID");
var result = Post(url, dic);
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<YouDaoFanyiResult>(result);
}
private string ComputeHash(string input, HashAlgorithm algorithm)
{
Byte[] inputBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
Byte[] hashedBytes = algorithm.ComputeHash(inputBytes);
return BitConverter.ToString(hashedBytes).Replace("-", "");
}
private string Post(string url, Dictionary<String, String> dic)
{
string result = "";
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
req.Method = "POST";
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
int i = 0;
foreach (var item in dic)
{
if (i > 0)
builder.Append("&");
builder.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", item.Key, item.Value);
i++;
}
byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(builder.ToString());
req.ContentLength = data.Length;
using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream())
{
reqStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
reqStream.Close();
}
HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
Stream stream = resp.GetResponseStream();
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8))
{
result = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
return result;
}
private string Truncate(string q)
{
if (q == null)
{
return null;
}
int len = q.Length;
return len <= 20 ? q : (q.Substring(0, 10) + len + q.Substring(len - 10, 10));
}
}
先浏览一下，这个命令输出的man db中命令的个数。1872个命令帮助。
[root@status ~]# accessdb |wc -l
1872
将accessdb输出内容保存到一个文本文件，顺排序一下
[root@status ~]# accessdb | sort > accessdb.txt
[root@status ~]# ll
total 180
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 155218 Apr 10 20:48 accessdb.txt
-rw-------. 1 root root 1068 Oct 15 18:41 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@status ~]#
将生成的accessdb.txt文件下载到windows pc机。
打开Visual Studio 2022，创建一个控制台项目，添加上面修改后的类，在Program.cs文件中添加如下代码：
using ConsoleApp10;
using System.Text;
var output = new StringBuilder();
YouDaoFanyiV3 youDaoFanyiV3 = new YouDaoFanyiV3();
var data = File.ReadAllLines("E:\\accessdb.txt").ToList();
data.Sort(StringComparer.Ordinal);
char firstChar = 'z';
foreach (var item in data)
{
if (firstChar != item[0])
{
firstChar = item[0];
output.AppendLine("```");
output.AppendLine("## 以" + firstChar + "开头的命令");
output.AppendLine("```bash");
}
var lines = item.Split("->");
var command = lines[0].Trim();
output.AppendLine(command);
var descript = "";
try
{
descript = lines[1].Trim().Split("gz")[1].Trim().Trim('\"').Trim();
}
catch
{
descript = lines[1].Trim().Trim('\"').Trim();
}
if (descript == "")
{
output.AppendLine();
continue;
}
output.Append("\t");
output.AppendLine(descript.Replace("'","’"));
output.Append("\t");
Console.WriteLine(command);
var trans = youDaoFanyiV3.Trans(descript);
output.AppendLine(trans.translation[0]);
Console.WriteLine("\t" + trans.translation[0]);
}
output.AppendLine("```");
File.WriteAllText("E:\\accessdb_ok.txt", output.ToString());
编译运行，执行完毕后，得到accessdb_ok.txt文件。文件内容如下：
$version$
2.5.0
2.5.0
.
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
.k5identity
Kerberos V5 client principal selection rules
Kerberos V5客户机主体选择规则
.k5login
Kerberos V5 acl file for host access
用于主机访问的Kerberos V5 acl文件
.ldaprc
/etc/anacrontab
30-systemd-environment-d-generator
Load variables specified by environment.d
由environment.d指定的加载变量
:
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
GnuPG~7
PAM~8
Pluggable Authentication Modules for Linux
Linux可插拔认证模块
RAND~7ssl
the OpenSSL random generator
OpenSSL随机生成器
RDMA-NDD~8
SELinux~8
TuneD~8
[
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
access.conf
the login access control table file
登录访问控制表文件
accessdb
dumps the content of a man-db database in a human readable format
以人类可读的格式转储man-db数据库的内容
acl
Access Control Lists
访问控制列表
addgnupghome
Create .gnupg home directories
创建.gnupg主目录
addpart
tell the kernel about the existence of a partition
告诉内核分区的存在
adduser
create a new user or update default new user information
创建新用户或更新默认新用户信息
agetty
alternative Linux getty
选择Linux盖蒂
alias
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
alternatives
maintain symbolic links determining default commands
维护确定默认命令的符号链接
anacron
runs commands periodically
定期运行命令
anacrontab
configuration file for Anacron
Anacron配置文件
applygnupgdefaults
Run gpgconf - apply-defaults for all users.
对所有用户执行gpgconf - apply-defaults命令。
apropos
search the manual page names and descriptions
搜索手册页面名称和描述
arch
print machine hardware name (same as uname -m)
打印机器硬件名称(与uname -m相同)
arpd
userspace arp daemon.
用户空间arp守护进程。
arping
send ARP REQUEST to a neighbour host
向邻居主机发送ARP请求
asn1parse
ASN.1 parsing tool
asn . 1解析工具
audit-plugins
audit.rules
a set of rules loaded in the kernel audit system
加载在内核审计系统中的一组规则
audit2allow
generate SELinux policy allow/dontaudit rules from logs of denied operations
从被拒绝的操作日志中生成SELinux policy allow/dontaudit规则
audit2why
generate SELinux policy allow/dontaudit rules from logs of denied operations
从被拒绝的操作日志中生成SELinux policy allow/dontaudit规则
auditctl
a utility to assist controlling the kernel’s audit system
一个帮助控制内核审计系统的工具
auditd
The Linux Audit daemon
Linux Audit守护进程
auditd-plugins
realtime event receivers
实时事件接收者
auditd.conf
audit daemon configuration file
审计守护进程配置文件
augenrules
a script that merges component audit rule files
合并组件审计规则文件的脚本
aulast
a program similar to last
类似于最后的程序
aulastlog
a program similar to lastlog
类似于lastlog的程序
aureport
a tool that produces summary reports of audit daemon logs
生成审计守护进程日志摘要报告的工具
ausearch
a tool to query audit daemon logs
用于查询审计守护进程日志的工具
ausearch-expression
audit search expression format
审计搜索表达式格式
ausyscall
a program that allows mapping syscall names and numbers
一个允许映射系统调用名和号码的程序
authselect
select system identity and authentication sources.
选择系统标识和认证源。
authselect-migration
A guide how to migrate from authconfig to authselect.
如何从authconfig迁移到authselect的指南。
authselect-profiles
how to extend authselect profiles.
如何扩展authselect配置文件。
autrace
a program similar to strace
类似于strace的程序
auvirt
a program that shows data related to virtual machines
显示与虚拟机有关的数据的程序
avcstat
Display SELinux AVC statistics
显示SELinux AVC统计信息
awk
pattern scanning and processing language
模式扫描和处理语言
b2sum
compute and check BLAKE2 message digest
计算并检查BLAKE2消息摘要
badblocks
search a device for bad blocks
在设备中查找坏块
base32
base32 encode/decode data and print to standard output
Base32编码/解码数据并打印到标准输出
base64
base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output
Base64编码/解码数据并打印到标准输出
basename
strip directory and suffix from filenames
从文件名中去掉目录和后缀
bash
GNU Bourne-Again SHell
GNU Bourne-Again壳
bashbug
report a bug in bash
在bash中报告bug
bashbug-64
report a bug in bash
在bash中报告bug
bg
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
bind
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
binfmt.d
Configure additional binary formats for executables at boot
在引导时为可执行文件配置额外的二进制格式
bio
Basic I/O abstraction
基本的I / O的抽象
biosdecode
BIOS information decoder
BIOS信息译码器
biosdevname
give BIOS-given name of a device
give bios指定的设备名称
blkdeactivate
utility to deactivate block devices
实用程序去激活块设备
blkdiscard
discard sectors on a device
丢弃设备上的扇区
blkid
locate/print block device attributes
定位/打印块设备属性
blkzone
run zone command on a device
在设备上执行zone命令
blockdev
call block device ioctls from the command line
从命令行调用块设备ioctls
bond2team
Converts bonding configuration to team
将绑定配置转换为团队
booleans
booleans 5 booleans 8
布尔值5，布尔值8
booleans~5
The SELinux booleans configuration files
SELinux布尔值配置文件
booleans~8
Policy booleans enable runtime customization of SELinux policy
策略布尔值启用SELinux策略的运行时自定义
bootctl
Control the firmware and boot manager settings
控制固件和启动管理器设置
bootup
System bootup process
系统启动过程
break
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
bridge
show / manipulate bridge addresses and devices
显示/操作网桥地址和设备
builtin
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
builtins
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
busctl
Introspect the bus
反思公共汽车
bwrap
container setup utility
容器设置实用程序
c_rehash
ca
sample minimal CA application
样本最小CA应用
ca-legacy
Manage the system configuration for legacy CA certificates
管理旧CA证书的系统配置
cache_check
validates cache metadata on a device or file.
验证设备或文件上的缓存元数据。
cache_dump
dump cache metadata from device or file to standard output.
将缓存元数据从设备或文件转储到标准输出。
cache_metadata_size
Estimate the size of the metadata device needed for a given configuration.
估计给定配置所需的元数据设备的大小。
cache_repair
repair cache binary metadata from device/file to device/file.
修复设备/文件到设备/文件的缓存二进制元数据。
cache_restore
restore cache metadata file to device or file.
将缓存元数据文件恢复到设备或文件。
cache_writeback
writeback dirty blocks to the origin device.
回写脏块到原始设备。
cal
display a calendar
显示一个日历
caller
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
capsh
capability shell wrapper
能力壳包装
captoinfo
convert a termcap description into a terminfo description
将一个termcap描述转换为一个terminfo描述
cat
concatenate files and print on the standard output
连接文件并在标准输出上打印
catman
create or update the pre-formatted manual pages
创建或更新预格式化的手册页
cd
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
cert8.db
Legacy NSS certificate database
遗留的NSS证书数据库
cert9.db
NSS certificate database
NSS证书数据库
cfdisk
display or manipulate a disk partition table
显示或操作磁盘分区表
cgdisk
Curses-based GUID partition table (GPT) manipulator
基于诅咒的GUID分区表(GPT)操纵符
chacl
change the access control list of a file or directory
修改文件或目录的访问控制列表
chage
change user password expiry information
修改用户密码过期信息
chattr
change file attributes on a Linux file system
在Linux文件系统上修改文件属性
chcat
change file SELinux security category
更改文件SELinux安全类别
chcon
change file SELinux security context
更改文件SELinux安全上下文
chcpu
configure CPUs
cpu配置
checkmodule
SELinux policy module compiler
SELinux策略模块编译器
checkpolicy
SELinux policy compiler
SELinux策略编译器
chgpasswd
update group passwords in batch mode
批量更新组密码
chgrp
change group ownership
改变组所有权
chkconfig
updates and queries runlevel information for system services
更新和查询系统服务的运行级别信息
chmem
configure memory
配置内存
chmod
change file mode bits
改变文件模式位
chown
change file owner and group
更改文件所有者和组
chpasswd
update passwords in batch mode
批量更新密码
chroot
run command or interactive shell with special root directory
在特殊的根目录下运行命令或交互式shell
chrt
manipulate the real-time attributes of a process
操作流程的实时属性
chvt
change foreground virtual terminal
改变前台虚拟终端
ciphers
SSL cipher display and cipher list tool
SSL密码显示和密码列表工具
cksum
checksum and count the bytes in a file
校验和计算文件中的字节数
clear
clear the terminal screen
清除终端屏幕
clock
time clocks utility
时钟时间效用
clockdiff
measure clock difference between hosts
测量主机之间的时钟差异
cmp
compare two files byte by byte
逐字节比较两个文件
cms
CMS utility
CMS工具
col
filter reverse line feeds from input
从输入中过滤反馈线
colcrt
filter nroff output for CRT previewing
滤镜nroff输出用于CRT预览
colrm
remove columns from a file
从文件中删除列
column
columnate lists
columnate列表
comm
compare two sorted files line by line
逐行比较两个已排序的文件
command
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
compgen
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
complete
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
compopt
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
config
config 5ssl config 5
配置5ssl配置5 .单击“确定”
config-util
Common PAM configuration file for configuration utilities
用于配置实用程序的公共PAM配置文件
config~5
config~5ssl
OpenSSL CONF library configuration files
OpenSSL CONF库配置文件
console.apps
specify console-accessible privileged applications
指定控制台可访问的特权应用程序
console.handlers
file specifying handlers of console lock and unlock events
指定控制台锁定和解锁事件处理程序的文件
console.perms
permissions control file for users at the system console
在系统控制台为用户提供权限控制文件
consoletype
print type of the console connected to standard input
控制台连接到标准输入的打印类型
continue
bash built-in commands, see bash(1)
Bash内置命令，参见Bash (1)
coredump.conf
Core dump storage configuration files
核心转储存储配置文件
coredump.conf.d
Core dump storage configuration files
核心转储存储配置文件
coredumpctl
Retrieve and process saved core dumps and metadata
检索和处理保存的核心转储文件和元数据
cp
copy files and directories
复制文件和目录
cpio
cpio 5 cpio 1
cpio 5 cpio 1
cpio~1
copy files to and from archives
将文件复制到存档中或从存档中复制
cpio~5
format of cpio archive files
cpio归档文件的格式
cpupower
Shows and sets processor power related values
显示和设置处理器功率相关值
cpupower-frequency-info
Utility to retrieve cpufreq kernel information
检索cpufreq内核信息的实用程序
cpupower-frequency-set
A small tool which allows to modify cpufreq settings.
一个允许修改cpufreq设置的小工具。
cpupower-idle-info
Utility to retrieve cpu idle kernel information
检索cpu空闲内核信息的实用程序
cpupower-idle-set
Utility to set cpu idle state specific kernel options
实用程序设置cpu空闲状态特定的内核选项
cpupower-info
Shows processor power related kernel or hardware configurations
显示与处理器功率相关的内核或硬件配置
cpupower-monitor
Report processor frequency and idle statistics
报告处理器频率和空闲统计信息
cpupower-set
Set processor power related kernel or hardware configurations
设置与处理器功率相关的内核或硬件配置
cracklib-check
Check passwords using libcrack2
使用libcrack2检查密码
cracklib-format
cracklib dictionary utilities
cracklib词典工具
cracklib-packer
cracklib dictionary utilities
cracklib词典工具
cracklib-unpacker
cracklib dictionary utilities
cracklib词典工具
create-cracklib-dict
Check passwords using libcrack2
使用libcrack2检查密码
crl
CRL utility
CRL效用
crl2pkcs7
Create a PKCS#7 structure from a CRL and certificates
从CRL和证书创建PKCS#7结构
cron
daemon to execute scheduled commands
执行预定命令的守护进程
crond
daemon to execute scheduled commands
执行预定命令的守护进程
cronnext
time of next job cron will execute
下一个任务cron执行的时间
crontab
crontab 5 crontab 1
Crontab 5
crontabs
configuration and scripts for running periodical jobs
用于运行定期作业的配置和脚本
crontab~1
maintains crontab files for individual users
为个别用户维护crontab文件
crontab~5
files used to schedule the execution of programs
用来安排程序执行的文件
crypt
storage format
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