golang开发的二进制程序,一般需要长期后台运行的,在linux上可以用supervisor或upstart或systemd等第三方守护进程来实现。其实golang自己也可以实现以服务的形式常驻后台。
需要的库
https://github.com/kardianos/service
这个库里面有两个接口定义,一个是:
type Service interface {
// Run should be called shortly after the program entry point.
// After Interface.Stop has finished running, Run will stop blocking.
// After Run stops blocking, the program must exit shortly after.
Run() error
// Start signals to the OS service manager the given service should start.
Start() error
// Stop signals to the OS service manager the given service should stop.
Stop() error
// Restart signals to the OS service manager the given service should stop then start.
Restart() error
// Install setups up the given service in the OS service manager. This may require
// greater rights. Will return an error if it is already installed.
Install() error
// Uninstall removes the given service from the OS service manager. This may require
// greater rights. Will return an error if the service is not present.
Uninstall() error
// Opens and returns a system logger. If the user program is running
// interactively rather then as a service, the returned logger will write to
// os.Stderr. If errs is non-nil errors will be sent on errs as well as
// returned from Logger's functions.
Logger(errs chan<- error) (Logger, error)
// SystemLogger opens and returns a system logger. If errs is non-nil errors
// will be sent on errs as well as returned from Logger's functions.
SystemLogger(errs chan<- error) (Logger, error)
// String displays the name of the service. The display name if present,
// otherwise the name.
String() string
}
这个接口比较复杂,需要完全实现接口中的方法,还有一个比较简单的接口定义:
type Interface interface {
// Start provides a place to initiate the service. The service doesn't not
// signal a completed start until after this function returns, so the
// Start function must not take more then a few seconds at most.
Start(s Service) error
// Stop provides a place to clean up program execution before it is terminated.
// It should not take more then a few seconds to execute.
// Stop should not call os.Exit directly in the function.
Stop(s Service) error
}
只需要实现Start和Stop接口就行了。
一个简单的服务实例:
type program struct{}
func (p *program) Start(s service.Service) error {
log.Println("开始服务")
go p.run()
return nil
}
func (p *program) Stop(s service.Service) error {
log.Println("停止服务")
return nil
}
func (p *program) run() {
// 这里放置程序要执行的代码……
}
之后再main方法中实现服务初始化:
func main(){
//服务的配置信息
cfg := &service.Config{
Name: "simple",
DisplayName: "a simple service",
Description: "This is an example Go service.",
}
// Interface 接口
prg := &program{}
// 构建服务对象
s, err := service.New(prg, cfg)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// logger 用于记录系统日志
logger, err := s.Logger(nil)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if len(os.Args) == 2 { //如果有命令则执行
err = service.Control(s, os.Args[1])
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
} else { //否则说明是方法启动了
err = s.Run()
if err != nil {
logger.Error(err)
}
}
if err != nil {
logger.Error(err)
}
}
使用这以下参数 start
, stop
, restart
, install
, uninstall
可用于操作服务
如 :
simple install -- 安装服务
simple start -- 启动服务
simple stop -- 停止服务