项目后端使用了springboot，maven，前端使用了ckeditor富文本编辑器。目前从html转换的word为doc格式，而图片处理支持的是docx格式，所以需要手动把doc另存为docx，然后才可以进行图片替换。

一.添加maven依赖

主要使用了以下和poi相关的依赖，为了便于获取html的图片元素，还使用了jsoup：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
    <version>3.14</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
    <version>3.14</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
    <version>3.14</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>fr.opensagres.xdocreport</groupId>
    <artifactId>xdocreport</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.6</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
    <version>3.14</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
    <version>1.11.3</version>
</dependency>

二.word转换为html

在springboot项目的resources目录下新建static文件夹，将需要转换的word文件temp.docx粘贴进去，由于static是springboot的默认资源文件，所以不需要在配置文件里面另行配置了，如果改成其他名字，需要在application.yml进行相应配置。

doc格式转换为html：

public static String docToHtml() throws Exception {
    File path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
    String imagePathStr = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\image\";
    String sourceFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\test.doc";
    String targetFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\test2.html";
    File file = new File(imagePathStr);
    if(!file.exists()) {
        file.mkdirs();
    }
    HWPFDocument wordDocument = new HWPFDocument(new FileInputStream(sourceFileName));
    org.w3c.dom.Document document = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();
    WordToHtmlConverter wordToHtmlConverter = new WordToHtmlConverter(document);
    //保存图片，并返回图片的相对路径
    wordToHtmlConverter.setPicturesManager((content, pictureType, name, width, height) -> {
        try (FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(imagePathStr + name)) {
            out.write(content);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "image/" + name;
    });
    wordToHtmlConverter.processDocument(wordDocument);
    org.w3c.dom.Document htmlDocument = wordToHtmlConverter.getDocument();
    DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(htmlDocument);
    StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(new File(targetFileName));
    TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    Transformer serializer = tf.newTransformer();
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "utf-8");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "html");
    serializer.transform(domSource, streamResult);
    return targetFileName;
}

docx格式转换为html

public static String docxToHtml() throws Exception {
    File path = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
    String imagePath = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\image";
    String sourceFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\test.docx";
    String targetFileName = path.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\test.html";

    OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = null;
    try {
        XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(new FileInputStream(sourceFileName));
        XHTMLOptions options = XHTMLOptions.create();
        // 存放图片的文件夹
        options.setExtractor(new FileImageExtractor(new File(imagePath)));
        // html中图片的路径
        options.URIResolver(new BasicURIResolver("image"));
        outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(targetFileName), "utf-8");
        XHTMLConverter xhtmlConverter = (XHTMLConverter) XHTMLConverter.getInstance();
        xhtmlConverter.convert(document, outputStreamWriter, options);
    } finally {
        if (outputStreamWriter != null) {
            outputStreamWriter.close();
        }
    }
    return targetFileName;
}

转换成功后会生成对应的html文件，如果想在前端展示，直接读取文件转换为String返回给前端即可。

public static String readfile(String filePath) {
    File file = new File(filePath);
    InputStream input = null;
    try {
        input = new FileInputStream(file);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
    byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
    try {
        for (int n; (n = input.read(bytes)) != -1;) {
            buffer.append(new String(bytes, 0, n, "utf8"));
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return buffer.toString();
}

在富文本编辑器ckeditor中的显示效果：

三.html转换为word

实现思路就是先把html中的所有图片元素提取出来，统一替换为变量字符”${imgReplace}“，如果多张图片，可以依序排列下去，之后生成对应的doc文件（之前试过直接生成docx文件发现打不开，这个问题尚未找到好的解决方法），我们将其另存为docx文件，之后就可以替换变量为图片了：

public static String writeWordFile(String content) {
        String path = "D:/wordFile";
        Map<String, Object> param = new HashMap<String, Object>();

        if (!"".equals(path)) {
            File fileDir = new File(path);
            if (!fileDir.exists()) {
                fileDir.mkdirs();
            }
            content = HtmlUtils.htmlUnescape(content);
            List<HashMap<String, String>> imgs = getImgStr(content);
            int count = 0;
            for (HashMap<String, String> img : imgs) {
                count++;
                //处理替换以“/>”结尾的img标签
                content = content.replace(img.get("img"), "${imgReplace" + count + "}");
                //处理替换以“>”结尾的img标签
                content = content.replace(img.get("img1"), "${imgReplace" + count + "}");
                Map<String, Object> header = new HashMap<String, Object>();

                try {
                    File filePath = new File(ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath());
                    String imagePath = filePath.getAbsolutePath() + "\static\";
                    imagePath += img.get("src").replaceAll("/", "\\");
                    //如果没有宽高属性，默认设置为400*300
                    if(img.get("width") == null || img.get("height") == null) {
                        header.put("width", 400);
                        header.put("height", 300);
                    }else {
                        header.put("width", (int) (Double.parseDouble(img.get("width"))));
                        header.put("height", (int) (Double.parseDouble(img.get("height"))));
                    }
                    header.put("type", "jpg");
                    header.put("content", OfficeUtil.inputStream2ByteArray(new FileInputStream(imagePath), true));
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                param.put("${imgReplace" + count + "}", header);
            }
            try {
                // 生成doc格式的word文档，需要手动改为docx
                byte by[] = content.getBytes("UTF-8");
                ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(by);
                POIFSFileSystem poifs = new POIFSFileSystem();
                DirectoryEntry directory = poifs.getRoot();
                DocumentEntry documentEntry = directory.createDocument("WordDocument", bais);
                FileOutputStream ostream = new FileOutputStream("D:\wordFile\temp.doc");
                poifs.writeFilesystem(ostream);
                bais.close();
                ostream.close();

                // 临时文件（手动改好的docx文件）
                CustomXWPFDocument doc = OfficeUtil.generateWord(param, "D:\wordFile\temp.docx");
                //最终生成的带图片的word文件
                FileOutputStream fopts = new FileOutputStream("D:\wordFile\final.docx");
                doc.write(fopts);
                fopts.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
        return "D:/wordFile/final.docx";
    }

    //获取html中的图片元素信息
    public static List<HashMap<String, String>> getImgStr(String htmlStr) {
        List<HashMap<String, String>> pics = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();

        Document doc = Jsoup.parse(htmlStr);
        Elements imgs = doc.select("img");
        for (Element img : imgs) {
            HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            if(!"".equals(img.attr("width"))) {
                map.put("width", img.attr("width").substring(0, img.attr("width").length() - 2));
            }
            if(!"".equals(img.attr("height"))) {
                map.put("height", img.attr("height").substring(0, img.attr("height").length() - 2));
            }
            map.put("img", img.toString().substring(0, img.toString().length() - 1) + "/>");
            map.put("img1", img.toString());
            map.put("src", img.attr("src"));
            pics.add(map);
        }
        return pics;
    }

OfficeUtil工具类，之前发现网上的写法只支持一张图片的修改，多张图片就会报错，是因为添加了图片，processParagraphs方法中的runs的大小改变了，会报ArrayList的异常，就和我们循环list中删除元素会报异常道理一样，解决方法就是复制一个新的Arraylist进行循环即可：

package com.example.demo.util;  

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

import org.apache.poi.POIXMLDocument;
import org.apache.poi.hwpf.extractor.WordExtractor;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTable;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableCell;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableRow;  

/** 
 * 适用于word 2007
 */  
public class OfficeUtil {  

    /** 
     * 根据指定的参数值、模板，生成 word 文档 
     * @param param 需要替换的变量 
     * @param template 模板 
     */  
    public static CustomXWPFDocument generateWord(Map<String, Object> param, String template) {  
        CustomXWPFDocument doc = null;
        try {  
            OPCPackage pack = POIXMLDocument.openPackage(template);  
            doc = new CustomXWPFDocument(pack);  
            if (param != null && param.size() > 0) {  

                //处理段落  
                List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphList = doc.getParagraphs();  
                processParagraphs(paragraphList, param, doc);  

                //处理表格  
                Iterator<XWPFTable> it = doc.getTablesIterator();  
                while (it.hasNext()) {
                    XWPFTable table = it.next();  
                    List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();  
                    for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {  
                        List<XWPFTableCell> cells = row.getTableCells();  
                        for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) {  
                            List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphListTable =  cell.getParagraphs();  
                            processParagraphs(paragraphListTable, param, doc);  
                        }  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return doc;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 处理段落 
     * @param paragraphList 
     */  
    public static void processParagraphs(List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphList,Map<String, Object> param,CustomXWPFDocument doc){  
        if(paragraphList != null && paragraphList.size() > 0){  
            for(XWPFParagraph paragraph:paragraphList){
                //poi转换过来的行间距过大，需要手动调整
                if(paragraph.getSpacingBefore() >= 1000 || paragraph.getSpacingAfter() > 1000) {
                    paragraph.setSpacingBefore(0);
                    paragraph.setSpacingAfter(0);
                }
                //设置word中左右间距
                paragraph.setIndentationLeft(0);
                paragraph.setIndentationRight(0);
                List<XWPFRun> runs = paragraph.getRuns();
                //加了图片，修改了paragraph的runs的size，所以循环不能使用runs
                List<XWPFRun> allRuns = new ArrayList<XWPFRun>(runs);
                for (XWPFRun run : allRuns) {
                    String text = run.getText(0);  
                    if(text != null){
                        boolean isSetText = false;  
                        for (Entry<String, Object> entry : param.entrySet()) {  
                            String key = entry.getKey();  
                            if(text.indexOf(key) != -1){  
                                isSetText = true;  
                                Object value = entry.getValue();  
                                if (value instanceof String) {//文本替换  
                                    text = text.replace(key, value.toString());  
                                } else if (value instanceof Map) {//图片替换  
                                    text = text.replace(key, "");  
                                    Map pic = (Map)value;  
                                    int width = Integer.parseInt(pic.get("width").toString());  
                                    int height = Integer.parseInt(pic.get("height").toString());  
                                    int picType = getPictureType(pic.get("type").toString());  
                                    byte[] byteArray = (byte[]) pic.get("content");  
                                    ByteArrayInputStream byteInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArray);  
                                    try {  
                                        String blipId = doc.addPictureData(byteInputStream,picType);  
                                        doc.createPicture(blipId,doc.getNextPicNameNumber(picType), width, height,paragraph);
                                    } catch (Exception e) {  
                                        e.printStackTrace();  
                                    }  
                                }  
                            }  
                        }  
                        if(isSetText){  
                            run.setText(text,0);  
                        }  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }  
    /** 
     * 根据图片类型，取得对应的图片类型代码 
     * @param picType 
     * @return int 
     */  
    private static int getPictureType(String picType){  
        int res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PICT;  
        if(picType != null){  
            if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("dib")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_DIB;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("emf")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_EMF;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpg") || picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpeg")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("wmf")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_WMF;  
            }  
        }  
        return res;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 将输入流中的数据写入字节数组 
     * @param in 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static byte[] inputStream2ByteArray(InputStream in,boolean isClose){  
        byte[] byteArray = null;  
        try {  
            int total = in.available();  
            byteArray = new byte[total];  
            in.read(byteArray);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            if(isClose){  
                try {  
                    in.close();  
                } catch (Exception e2) {  
                    System.out.println("关闭流失败");  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return byteArray;  
    }  
}

我认为之所以word2003不支持图片替换，主要是处理2003版本的HWPFDocument对象被声明为了final，我们就无法重写他的方法了。而处理2007版本的类为XWPFDocument，是可以继承的，通过继承XWPFDocument，重写createPicture方法即可实现图片替换，以下为对应的CustomXWPFDocument类：

package com.example.demo.util;    

import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;  
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;  
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;  
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;  
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlToken;  
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTNonVisualDrawingProps;  
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTPositiveSize2D;  
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.wordprocessingDrawing.CTInline;  

/** 
 * 自定义 XWPFDocument，并重写 createPicture()方法 
 */  
public class CustomXWPFDocument extends XWPFDocument {    
    public CustomXWPFDocument(InputStream in) throws IOException {    
        super(in);    
    }    

    public CustomXWPFDocument() {    
        super();    
    }    

    public CustomXWPFDocument(OPCPackage pkg) throws IOException {    
        super(pkg);    
    }    

    /** 
     * @param ind 
     * @param width 宽 
     * @param height 高 
     * @param paragraph  段落 
     */  
    public void createPicture(String blipId, int ind, int width, int height,XWPFParagraph paragraph) {    
        final int EMU = 9525;    
        width *= EMU;    
        height *= EMU;    
        CTInline inline = paragraph.createRun().getCTR().addNewDrawing().addNewInline();    
        String picXml = ""    
                + "<a:graphic xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main">"    
                + "   <a:graphicData uri="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture">"    
                + "      <pic:pic xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture">"    
                + "         <pic:nvPicPr>" + "            <pic:cNvPr id=""    
                + ind    
                + "" name="Generated"/>"    
                + "            <pic:cNvPicPr/>"    
                + "         </pic:nvPicPr>"    
                + "         <pic:blipFill>"    
                + "            <a:blip r:embed=""    
                + blipId    
                + "" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships"/>"    
                + "            <a:stretch>"    
                + "               <a:fillRect/>"    
                + "            </a:stretch>"    
                + "         </pic:blipFill>"    
                + "         <pic:spPr>"    
                + "            <a:xfrm>"    
                + "               <a:off x="0" y="0"/>"    
                + "               <a:ext cx=""    
                + width    
                + "" cy=""    
                + height    
                + ""/>"    
                + "            </a:xfrm>"    
                + "            <a:prstGeom prst="rect">"    
                + "               <a:avLst/>"    
                + "            </a:prstGeom>"    
                + "         </pic:spPr>"    
                + "      </pic:pic>"    
                + "   </a:graphicData>" + "</a:graphic>";    

        inline.addNewGraphic().addNewGraphicData();    
        XmlToken xmlToken = null;    
        try {    
            xmlToken = XmlToken.Factory.parse(picXml);    
        } catch (XmlException xe) {    
            xe.printStackTrace();    
        }    
        inline.set(xmlToken);   

        inline.setDistT(0);      
        inline.setDistB(0);      
        inline.setDistL(0);      
        inline.setDistR(0);      

        CTPositiveSize2D extent = inline.addNewExtent();    
        extent.setCx(width);    
        extent.setCy(height);    

        CTNonVisualDrawingProps docPr = inline.addNewDocPr();      
        docPr.setId(ind);      
        docPr.setName("图片" + ind);      
        docPr.setDescr("测试");   
    }    
}

以上就是通过POI实现html和word的相互转换，对于html无法转换为可读的docx这个问题尚未解决，如果大家有好的解决方法可以交流一下~~~