上篇文章中说到单数据原连接访问,插入数据;但是往往随着业务量发展，我们通常会进行数据库拆分或是引入其他数据库，从而我们需要配置多个数据源，下面基于之前的JdbcTemplate和Spring-data-jpa例子分别介绍两种多数据源的配置方式。

先看pom文件 引用的jar

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>com.xiaojingg</groupId>
   <artifactId>springbootstudy-demo7-jdbctemplate-more</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>

   <name>springbootstudy-demo7-jdbctemplate-more</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>mysql</groupId>
         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
         <version>5.1.21</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
      </dependency>

   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>

</project>

多数据源配置

创建一个Spring配置类，定义两个DataSource用来读取application.properties中的不同配置。如下例子中，主数据源配置为spring.datasource.primary开头的配置，第二数据源配置为spring.datasource.secondary开头的配置。

package com.xiaojingg;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * 筱进GG
 */
@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
    @Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.datasource.primary")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource")
    @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
    @Primary
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.datasource.secondary")
    public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "primaryJdbcTemplate")
    public JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate(
            @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryJdbcTemplate")
    public JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate(
            @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

}

对应的application.properties配置如下：

spring.datasource.primary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1
spring.datasource.primary.username=root
spring.datasource.primary.password=root
spring.datasource.primary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

spring.datasource.secondary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2
spring.datasource.secondary.username=root
spring.datasource.secondary.password=root
spring.datasource.secondary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

接下来通过测试用例来演示如何使用这两个针对不同数据源的JdbcTemplate:

package com.xiaojingg;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootstudyDemo7JdbctemplateMoreApplicationTests {

   @Autowired
   @Qualifier("primaryJdbcTemplate")
   protected JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate1;

   @Autowired
   @Qualifier("secondaryJdbcTemplate")
   protected JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate2;

   @Before
   public void setUp() {
      jdbcTemplate1.update("DELETE  FROM  USER ");
      jdbcTemplate2.update("DELETE  FROM  USER ");
   }

   @Test
   public void test() throws Exception {

      // 往第一个数据源中插入两条数据
      jdbcTemplate1.update("insert into user(id,name,age) values(?, ?, ?)", 1, "aaa", 20);
      jdbcTemplate1.update("insert into user(id,name,age) values(?, ?, ?)", 2, "bbb", 30);

      // 往第二个数据源中插入一条数据，若插入的是第一个数据源，则会主键冲突报错
      jdbcTemplate2.update("insert into user(id,name,age) values(?, ?, ?)", 1, "aaa", 20);

      // 查一下第一个数据源中是否有两条数据，验证插入是否成功
      Assert.assertEquals("2", jdbcTemplate1.queryForObject("select count(1) from user", String.class));

      // 查一下第一个数据源中是否有两条数据，验证插入是否成功
      Assert.assertEquals("1", jdbcTemplate2.queryForObject("select count(1) from user", String.class));

   }

}

运行截图: