一、实现功能

    1、对用户ajax请求返回结果进行统一封装；

    2、系统按天自动生成日志文件，定期自动处理；

    3、系统自动捕获异常，并将异常信息(包括堆栈信息)自动输出至日志；

    4、自定义服务异常，将一些由用户操作不当的行为记录至日志，并及时反馈至页面。

二、ajax返回结果的封装

package com.example.testproject.commom;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;

/**
 * ajax请求后需要接受的JSON
 * 统一返回值类型,便于在页面上进行统一处理
 */
public class AjaxJson {

	private boolean success = true;    // 是否成功
	private String errorCode = "-1";   //错误代码
	private String msg = "操作成功";    // 提示信息
	private LinkedHashMap<String, Object> body = new LinkedHashMap();//封装json的map
	
	public AjaxJson() {
	}

	/**
	 * 出现异常后调用此方法封装异常
	 * @param e 异常
	 */
	public AjaxJson(Throwable e) {
		this.success = false;
		this.errorCode = "-1";
		this.msg = e.getMessage();
	}

	public LinkedHashMap<String, Object> getBody() {
		return body;
	}

	public void setBody(LinkedHashMap<String, Object> body) {
		this.body = body;
	}

	public void put(String key, Object value){//向json中添加属性，在js中访问，请调用data.body.key
		body.put(key, value);
	}
	
	public void remove(String key){
		body.remove(key);
	}
	
	
	public String getMsg() {
		return msg;
	}

	public void setMsg(String msg) {//向json中添加属性，在js中访问，请调用data.msg
		this.msg = msg;
	}

	public boolean isSuccess() {
		return success;
	}

	public void setSuccess(boolean success) {
		this.success = success;
	}

	public void setErrorCode(String errorCode) {
		this.errorCode = errorCode;
	}

	public String getErrorCode() {
		return errorCode;
	}
}

三、自定义服务异常类

package com.example.testproject.exception;

/**
 * 自定义业务异常类
 */
public class ServiceException extends RuntimeException {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public ServiceException() {
		super();
	}

	public ServiceException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
	}

	public ServiceException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
	}

	public ServiceException(String message) {
		super(message);
	}

	public ServiceException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
	}

}

四、全局异常捕获类 

package com.example.testproject.exception;

import com.example.testproject.commom.AjaxJson;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * 全局异常捕获类
 */
// 过此注解声明此类为一个全局异常处理类
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
	
	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);
	
	@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
	public void handleException(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) {
		logger.error("---------------------- handleException start ---------------------- ");
		logger.error("url: [{}]", request.getRequestURL().toString());
		logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
		logger.error("---------------------- handleException end ---------------------- ");
	}

	@ExceptionHandler(ServiceException.class)
	@ResponseBody
	public AjaxJson handleServiceException(HttpServletRequest request, ServiceException e) {
		logger.error("---------------------- handleServiceException start ---------------------- ");
		logger.error("url: [{}]", request.getRequestURL().toString());
		logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
		logger.error("---------------------- handleServiceException end ---------------------- ");
		return new AjaxJson(e);
	}

}

五、自定义日志配置(按天输出)

    在src/main/resources下新增logback-spring.xml的日志配置文件，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="60 seconds" debug="false">
    <contextName>logback</contextName>
    <!-- 定义保存日志文件路径 -->
    <property name="log.path" value="./logs/" />
    <!-- 输出到控制台 -->
    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} - [%p] - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <!-- 输出到文件 -->
    <appender name="file" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <fileNamePattern>${log.path}logback.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</fileNamePattern>
            <maxHistory>30</maxHistory>
            <totalSizeCap>1GB</totalSizeCap>
        </rollingPolicy>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} - [%p] - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="info">
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
        <appender-ref ref="file" />
    </root>

    <!-- 打印执行的name指定所在的包，additivity设定为true时，父级也会打印相应的信息，相当于打印多次 -->
    <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="ERROR" additivity="false">
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
        <appender-ref ref="file" />
    </logger>
    <!--由于Dao层使用的是jdbcTemplate，需要单独定义打印执行的SQL-->
    <logger name="org.springframework.jdbc.core" level="DEBUG" additivity="false">
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
        <appender-ref ref="file" />
    </logger>
    <!--打印系统业务日志-->
    <logger name="com.example" level="DEBUG" additivity="false">
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
        <appender-ref ref="file" />
    </logger>

</configuration>

注：对日志配置不熟或想更详细了解的同学，可以看《SpringBoot学习－（十）SpringBoot日志处理》这篇博客，写的十分详细。

 六、测试及结果

    6.1、测试类

@Controller
public class TestExceptionController {

    @RequestMapping("testException")
    @ResponseBody
    public AjaxJson index(String type){
        AjaxJson result = new AjaxJson();
        if("serviceE".equals(type)){
            throw new ServiceException("由于用户行为不当造成的异常！");
        } else {
            type = null;
            type.indexOf(",");
        }
        return result;
    }

}

     6.2、服务异常

     6.2.1、页面获得错误信息

    6.2.2、日志文件记录详细错误信息